Free NCLEX RN Practice Questions Practice Question
A client with epilepsy is taking phenytoin. What long-term effects should the nurse advise the client can occur with prolonged administration of phenytoin? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Long-term administration of phenytoin can lead to several specific side effects.
A: Gingival hypertrophy is a well-documented effect, where the gums enlarge and can lead to oral hygiene issues.
B: Hirsutism, or excessive hair growth, is also associated with phenytoin use due to its hormonal effects.
E: Anemia may occur as a result of phenytoin's impact on folate metabolism, leading to decreased red blood cell production.
C: Hypertrophy of facial subcutaneous tissue is not a common effect linked to phenytoin.
D: While cognitive effects can occur, dementia is not directly associated with phenytoin use.
Understanding these potential effects is crucial for patient education and management.
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